慢性過敏性肺炎の呼吸器マイクロバイオームは、特発性肺線維症のそれとは異なる

The respiratory microbiome in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis is distinct from that of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

R Invernizzi, BG Wu, J Barnett, P Ghai… - American Journal of …, 2021 - atsjournals.org

… IPF and did not associate with survival. Our findings suggest that the observed alterations in
the lung microbiome … and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are often indistinguishable (6). …

The respiratory microbiome in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis is distinct from that of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) is a condition that arises after repeated exposure and sensitization to inhaled antigens. The lung microbiome is increasingly implicated in respiratory disease, but, to date, no study has investigated the composition of microbial communities in the lower airways in CHP.Objectives: To characterize and compare the airway microbiome in subjects with CHP, subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and control subjects.Methods: We prospectively recruited individuals with a CHP diagnosis (n = 110), individuals with an IPF diagnosis (n = 45), and control subjects (n = 28). Subjects underwent BAL and bacterial DNA was isolated, quantified by quantitative PCR and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced to characterize the bacterial communities in the lower airways.Measurements and Main Results: Distinct differences in the microbial profiles were evident in the lower airways of subjects with CHP and IPF. At the phylum level, the prevailing microbiota of both subjects with IPF and subjects with CHP included Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. However, in IPF, Firmicutes dominated, whereas the percentage of reads assigned to Proteobacteria in the same group was significantly lower than the percentage found in subjects with CHP. At the genus level, the Staphylococcus burden was increased in CHP, and Actinomyces and Veillonella burdens were increased in IPF. The lower airway bacterial burden in subjects with CHP was higher than that in control subjects but lower than that of those with IPF. In contrast to IPF, there was no association between bacterial burden and survival in CHP.Conclusions: The microbial profile of the lower airways in subjects with CHP is distinct from that of IPF, and, notably, the bacterial burden in individuals with CHP fails to predict survival.
慢性過敏性肺炎の呼吸器マイクロバイオームは、特発性肺線維症のそれとは異なります
概要
理論的根拠: 慢性過敏性肺炎 (CHP) は、吸入された抗原への曝露と感作を繰り返した後に発生する状態です。肺マイクロバイオームは呼吸器疾患との関連性がますます高まっていますが、今日まで、CHP の下気道における微生物群集の組成を調査した研究はありません。 (IPF)、および対照被験者。方法: CHP 診断を受けた個人 (n = 110)、IPF 診断を受けた個人 (n = 45)、および対照被験者 (n = 28) を前向きに募集した。被験者は BAL を受け、細菌 DNA が分離され、定量的 PCR によって定量化され、16S リボソーム RNA 遺伝子が配列決定されて、下気道の細菌群集が特徴付けられました。 CHPおよびIPFを使用。門レベルでは、IPFの被験者とCHPの被験者の両方の一般的な微生物叢には、フィルミキューテス、バクテロイデス、プロテオバクテリア、およびアクチノバクテリアが含まれていました。ただし、IPFでは、Firmicutesが優勢でしたが、同じグループのプロテオバクテリアに割り当てられた読み取りの割合は、CHPの被験者に見られる割合よりも大幅に低かった. 属レベルでは、ブドウ球菌の負荷は CHP で増加し、放線菌と Veillonella の負荷は IPF で増加しました。 CHPの被験者の気道細菌負荷の低下は、対照被験者よりも高かったが、IPFの被験者よりも低かった。 IPF とは対照的に、CHP では細菌負荷と生存率との間に関連はありませんでした。生存を予測します。